Did a connection exist between medicine and pharmacy as practised in pharaonic Egypt and medieval Wales? I undertook a pilot study to explore whether there is any evidence that these two strands of transmission overlapped, and if any healing concepts or practices passed from ancient Egypt, either via Classical sources or by a more direct route, to medieval Wales.
A medieval physician teaching uroscopy to a group of students. Image: BNF La Mer des Histoires, vol.2 (1488-1489)
Welsh traditions
Wales, one of the four countries comprising the United Kingdom, has a rich tradition as a centre of early medicine and pharmacy. Medical manuscripts written in the Welsh language date from c.AD
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