Paid

Vo Nguyen Giap3

Vo Nguyen Giap

General Giap was one of the 20th century’s foremost military commanders. He made his name commanding the military wing of the Viet Minh during the Second World War, before becoming commander-in-chief of the People’s Army of Vietnam.

Left An artist’s impression of the former precinct of St Mary Spital in c.1640, looking north west towards Bishopsgate and showing (foreground) the Civil War Star Fort; (right) the converted medieval chapel with its charnel crypt; and (centre) the Earl of Bolingbroke’s house (Spittle House), with Spital Yard and the principal tenement to its right.

Excavating Spitalfields Market

The MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) Spitalfields Market excavations in 1991-2007 were one of Britain’s largest ever digs. Four major publications are being produced to cover the results. The latest volume concerns the post-medieval era (1539-1880), which was a period that saw vast social transformations, as Chiz Harward and Nigel Jeffries explain.

Left In 1016, Cnut of Denmark conquered England. He reigned until 1035 and placed the country under Viking rule until 1042. Runestones such as U194 in Uppland, Sweden, record the deeds of members of his retinue but how far can we trace his footprints on this side of the North Sea?

1016 and all that: excavating the Viking conquest of England

The Norman Conquest in 1066 is often described as the most famous date in English history, but 50 years earlier – almost to the day – the country had been captured by another foreign power: the Danish army of Cnut the Great. As we mark the 1,000th anniversary of these momentous events, what trace of the Viking conquest can be seen in the archaeological record? Current Archaeology's Carly Hilts reports.

Above The pyramid at Calakmul peeks through the jungle canopy.

CALAKMUL

Alice Stevens ventures deep into the Mexican jungle where, surrounded by the echoing screech of howler monkeys, Calakmul rises above the canopy, and takes a stand as the most impressive Mayan temple remaining today.

Right Face of the mummy of Seti I, who ruled from 1294 to 1279 BC and is the father of Pharaoh Ramesses II. This well preserved profile was used to design the appearance of the resuscitated mummy in the 1999 film, The Mummy.

Scanning the Pharaohs

The results of CT imaging on Hatshepsut, Ramesses III, Tutankhamen, and a host of other New Kingdom mummies are revealed in a gripping new book by Zahi Hawass and Sahar Saleem, as Kimberley Watt illuminates.

The Statue of King Idrimi

What is it? This splendid statue depicts Idrimi, the king of Alalakh, an ancient city near the Syrian–Turkish border. Dated to the 15th century BC, it is carved from hard, white magnesite stone, with inlaid glass eyes, and sits a…

Post 1 image0 82 scaled

Earthquake! How the earth shook up the past

When earthquakes strike, the consequences can be catastrophic. Yet what do we really know about their impact on past cultures? All is revealed in Andrew Robinson’s latest unputdownable book Earth-Shattering Events: Earthquakes, Nations and Civilization.

Below These now roofless dwellings at the Dinowric quarry were built as so called ‘barracks’ for unmarried quarrymen, or for father and son, uncle and nephew. Each unit consists of two or three rooms, with a communal kitchen at one end of the terrace.

Welsh slate: chiselling through time

The extraction of slate from the hills of Snowdonia is not just an industry – it is a way of life bound up with chapel, politics, and the preservation of the Welsh language. Chris Catling explains why the Welsh Royal Commission is supporting efforts to have this industrial landscape designated a World Heritage Site.

Isis in Italy

Dalu Jones follows on the trail of the Ancient Egyptian goddess to Pompeii, Naples and Turin

Below Within the walls of the C.ittadella in Victoria: view across the rear enclosed spaces of the houses.

Gozo, Malta

From Malta, we now travel to its sister-island Gozo, where Nadia Durrani encountered two new major restoration projects.

Main image The temple of Angkor Wat, pictured from the air during LiDAR data collection. What secrets lie beneath the heavy jungle?

The secrets of Angkor Wat: how archaeology is rewriting history

The stupendous temple of Angkor Wat and its forested environs are currently the focus of a major project involving LiDAR aerial laser-scanning and more. The archaeology is radically changing our understanding of this staggering site, but how? Brian Fagan and Nadia Durrani get the inside story from project co-director Roland Fletcher.

Travels to Armenia

The year 2015 is a sad one for Armenia: it marks the centenary of the great massacre of its people by the Turks, when over a million died in what many call the ‘Armenian Genocide'. But who are the Armenians? And where is Armenia? Andrew Selkirk goes in search.

The Pacific god A’a

What is it? This divine sculpture was made on Rurutu, one of the Austral Islands in Polynesia. When it was given to British missionaries in 1821, its name was recorded as A’a. A’a was said to have been named after…

Lady of Çatalhöyük

A stunning Neolithic stone figure was uncovered at Çatalhöyük during the latest season of excavation. Ian Hodder, who leads the Çatalhöyük Research Project, tells CWA why this rare find is such a special lady.

Below Overlooking some of the male felon cells, which were arranged in threes on either side of a corridor, in blocks linked by communal dayrooms. The walls of an exercise yard can be seen at the bottom of the picture, while the remains of a series of felon workshops are just visible top right (and more clearly shown on p.32).

New Bailey, Salford: prison’s industrial revolution

At its peak, New Bailey was the largest jail in England, but its imposing Georgian buildings were designed on the basis of radical progressive ideals. Modern development has wiped away all traces of the pioneering prison above ground, but archaeologists are now bringing its methods to light once more, as Rachael Reader and Michael Nevell explain.

Above Adam Wightman, pictured excavating the Fenwick Treasure.

The Fenwick Treasure: Colchester during the Boudiccan War of Independence

Excavations in Colchester have revealed where a couple stashed their valuables before Boudicca sacked the city. These artefacts, and the charred debris found strewn above them, provide a poignant insight into those on the receiving end of the Iceni’s wrath. First, Philip Crummy and Adam Wightman shed light on a dark day in Colchester’s past, and then Nina Crummy guides us through the treasure itself.

Mummified cat

What is it? This small wooden coffin contains the mummified remains of a cat and dates to the Ptolemaic period of Ancient Egypt, c.305-30 BC. Animals were highly honoured throughout Egyptian history. They were often associated with gods, and therefore…

ABOVE Butser Ancient Farm, the experimental archaeology centre in Hampshire, has added a Neolithic longhouse, based on an example excavated in North Wales, to their clutch of reconstructed buildings.

Butser: back to the Neolithic

A new horizon has opened up at Butser Ancient Farm, the famed experimental archaeology site. A Neolithic enclosure now joins the farm’s recreated Iron Age and Roman dwellings. Tiffany Francis brings us up to date.