Current Archaeology 374

• Fluctuating fortunes of
Roman and medieval Exeter
• Burials in late Iron Age and early medieval Ireland
• New thinking on the Mary Rose and her crew
• An archaeology of airfields
• Exploring female stories from Sutton Hoo

Current Archaeology 374
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Current Archaeology 374

Highlights:

From the Editor:

Urban expansion in the 1970s drove an explosion of archaeological investigations in historic city centres – but with scant resources for publication, reports did not always keep up. Our cover feature highlights a project working to redress this, with a focus on Exeter. We explore some of the insights into this city’s Roman and medieval past that have been revealed.

From bustling city life to the ways in which we treat our dead, our next feature looks over almost 1,000 years of changing burial traditions in Ireland, spanning the late Iron Age to the dawn of the Viking Age.

We then turn to matters maritime, sharing the latest thinking on Tudor flagship the Mary Rose, whose wreck was recovered from the Solent in 1982. After almost 40 years of specialist research, what has been learned about the ship’s appearance and her crew?

The Mary Rose’s 16th-century gunners could have only dreamed of the technology available since the onset of aviation. But should airfields be thought of as archaeology? We consider these sites as relics of landscape, social, and architectural history, as well as their military significance.

Finally, we visit the Anglo-Saxon barrow cemetery of Sutton Hoo. This site is indivisibly associated with the splendid ship burial discovered beneath Mound 1, and its ‘princely’ male occupant, but there are also fascinating female stories to be found. Following on from our review of Netflix’s film about the 1939 excavation, The Dig, in CA 373, we meet four women who made vital contributions to the investigation, as well as a nameless 7th-century ‘queen’ who was laid to rest in the royal burial ground.

Cover Story

BELOW Excavations of the legionary bathhouse within what would later become Exeter’s Cathedral Close. Exeter became the site of a legionary fortress just over a decade after the Roman conquest of AD 43.Tracing the fluctuating fortunes of Roman and medieval ExeterThe team behind the ‘Exeter: A Place in Time’ project tell us about the sites that were excavated in the last 50 years.

Features

Top This reconstructed inboard elevation shows the Mary Rose as recent research suggests she may have looked in 1545. Her surviving timbers pictured in the Mary Rose Museum (above) are indicated at the centre, with missing portions recreated using dotted lines. From the bottom, we can see her hold, orlop deck, main gun deck, and upper gun deck, with three decks in the forecastle and sterncastle indicated at either end.Reinterpreting a Tudor flagship: the Mary Rose and her crewHenry VIII’s flagship, the Mary Rose, famously sank in the Solent almost 500 years ago. Her partial remains were recovered by archaeologists in 1982 –…
Right Edith Pretty commissioned the first excavation at Sutton Hoo and later donated all the finds to the nation.The women of Sutton Hoo: tracing female stories at a celebrated cemeterySutton Hoo is best known as the location of an astonishing ‘princely’ Anglo-Saxon ship burial – but the site has compelling stories to tell about…
BELOW Overlooking the First World War era airfield at Boscombe Down, Wiltshire, in 1918. Most of the construction seen here was temporary.Stringbags to Star Wars: an archaeology of airfieldsWhy should we study airfields – and do these sites even count as archaeology? Bob Clarke makes a case for investigating and preserving such sites…
RIGHT Burial B10 is one of 14 people buried at Knowth between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. Isotope analysis has established that some members of the group came from northern Britain. The choice of this Neolithic monument for their burial was perhaps intended to create a link between the newly arrived people and the indigenous ancestors.Mounds and monasteries: burials in late Iron Age and early medieval IrelandThe Irish archaeologist Barry Raftery (1944-2010) wrote: ‘Death represents the ultimate confrontation between the human and the supernatural worlds. The surviving burial remains and the…

Comment

Chris Catling new alt2The value of cultureEconomics cannot be used to measure the emotional, educational, psychological, spiritual, health, and social benefits of heritage – all the things that make life worth…
Joe Flatman altExcavating the past of south WalesThis revealed much about life in ‘Roman’ Wales, in both its modest urbanised centres and its wider hinterlands.

News

Views

Heritage from home: AprilWith the arrival of spring and the promise of lockdown restrictions lifting over the next few months, we are looking forward to visits to museums…

Reviews

New Light on the Neolithic of Northern EnglandThe Neolithic is that pivotal point in prehistory where community changes, from dependence on hunting, fishing, gathering strategies based on seasonal availability to seasonal harvesting,…
Roman Britain’s Missing Legion: What Really Happened to IX Hispana?Famously (or infamously), the Roman Ninth Legion is believed to have disappeared around the end of the 1st century AD, a view made popular by…
Early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries: kinship, community, and identityIt has been more than two decades since Sam Lucy’s seminal book The Anglo-Saxon Way of Death, and in the intervening years new cemeteries, methodologies,…
Making Deep History: zeal, perseverance, and the time revolution of 1859A few days ago I saw a notice that said ‘BeGambleAware’. It warned of the dangers of addiction, but it could have referred to the…
Darkness Visible: the Sculptor’s Cave, Covesea, from the Bronze Age to the PictsCaves can be portals to otherworlds, and Covesea Cave on Scotland’s Moray Firth is no exception. Armit and Büster’s handsomely produced volume transports us back…
Faxton: excavations in a deserted Northamptonshire village, 1966-1968The film The Dig has shown that public interest can be engaged by a vintage excavation, and this book likewise recounts the results and evokes…