Renaissance

The cruel siege of Siena

When the army of Europe’s most powerful monarch besieged the Tuscan city in 1554, it took terror and hunger to achieve what cannon and arquebus could not, as William E Welsh explains.

Left The main courtyard of the renovated Farnese home in Parma, the Palazzo della Pilotta, with contemporary artist Maurizio Nannucci’s neon installation Time Past, Present, and Future.

Palatial pleasures in Parma

The former palace of the Farnese family in Parma contains no fewer than five cultural institutions. Dalu Jones is our guide to the recently renovated Pilotta complex, where the dukes of Parma put art, archaeology, and theatre to use.

Above Peter Paul Rubens, The Discovery of the Infant Erichthonius. Oil on canvas, c.1616. Liechtenstein: The Princely Collections, Vaduz Vienna. Size: 217.8 x 317.3cm

The Triumph of Rubens

One of the most accomplished painters of the 17th century, Peter Paul Rubens had a deep interest in the ancient world, expressed through the power of the paintbrush, but also the written word. Lucia Marchini speaks to Anne Woollett to find out more about the artist’s engagement with Greece and Rome – from discussing cameos to staging spectacular triumphal processions.

Queen Adelaide’s castle in the Tuscan marches

Thanks to modern scientific analyses, the every-day circumstances of Tuscany’s Dark Age peoples are no longer mute. One thing is certain from this excavation: objects and nature played an active part in transforming the primitive experiences of Tuscany’s 9th-century peasants and their early feudal masters into some of the most sophisticated lifestyles in Europe by the 12th century.

1520: the Field of the Cloth of Gold

Published 500 years after the event took place, this book serves as a quincentenary celebration of the legendary first meeting between Henry VIII, the English king (r. 1509-1547), and Francis I, the French king (r. 1515-1547). Known as the Field…

1. The Julius Caesar dish or tazza, circa 1587 99, gilded silver by an anonymous (Netherlandish?) goldsmith. D. 37.6m. Museo Galdiano, Madrid.

The wrong Caesars

As a dozen Renaissance gilded silver treasures, the Aldobrandini Tazze or Twelve Caesars, go on show at Waddesdon Manor, Professor Mary Beard unscrews the puzzle of how the Roman emperors and dishes got mixed up